Domestic tourism – activities of resident visitors of
Domestic visitor – a resident of
Inbound tourism – activities of non-resident visitors
travelling to and staying in
Internal tourism – tourism of
visitors, both resident and non-resident, within the economic territory of the
country of reference.
Non-resident – a person who has a citizenship of
a foreign country or, in case of missing citizenship, who has a permanent
residence abroad.
Non-resident visitor – a person who travels to a country other than
in which he/she has his/her usual residence but outside his/her usual
environment for a period not exceeding 12 consecutive months and whose main
purpose of visit is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from
within the place visited.
Non-specific industry – industry, which is not defined as tourism
characteristic or tourism connected industry, but which products might be
consumed by visitors.
Non-specific product – product that is not defined as tourism specific
product, but it might be consumed by visitors.
Resident – Estonian citizens residing in
Estonia; aliens residing in Estonia with a permanent residence permit; aliens
residing in Estonia with a temporary residence permit for at least one year;
Estonian citizens studying or receiving medical treatment abroad, regardless of
the length of studies or medical treatment; diplomats, military personnel,
staff of consular and other representative offices as well as their family
members staying abroad and enjoying immunity and diplomatic privileges; ship crews,
seasonal and border workers, regardless of the duration of their residence on
the territory of a foreign country.
Tourism –
activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual
environment for not more than 12 consecutive months for leisure, business or
other purposes.
Tourism characteristic industry – industry, which characteristic products represent a significant share of
tourism consumption.
Tourism
characteristic product – product that represents a significant share of tourism consumption and
whose absence might significantly affect tourism consumption.
Tourism connected industry – industry, which characteristic products are easily
identified and consumed by visitors.
Tourism connected product – product that is not defined as tourism
characteristic product, but it represents a certain share in tourism
consumption.
Tourism consumption – the total consumption expenditure made by a visitor or on behalf of a
visitor for or during his/her trip and stay at destination.
Tourism specific product – tourism characteristic product or
tourism connected product.
Visitor – a person travelling to a place other than that
of his/her usual environment for less than 12 consecutive months and whose main
purpose of visit is other than exercise of an activity remunerated from within
the place visited.
Data sources
The
main data sources used in the compilation of the Tourism Satellite Accounts
(TSA) are the Tourism Surveys of Estonian residents, Accommodation, Travel
Agencies and Tour Operators, Structural Business Statistics surveys conducted
by the Statistics Estonia, Balance of Payments by the Bank of Estonia, the
supply and use tables (SUT) and symmetric input-output table, administrative
data from the Tax and Customs Board (i.e. declaration on fringe benefits
granted to employees).
Internal tourism consumption
Internal tourism consumption comprises the
consumption of both resident and non-resident visitors within the economic
territory of the country. The consumption expenditure of tourists is recorded
at purchasers’ prices. Internal tourism consumption is the sum of inbound
tourism consumption, domestic tourism consumption and other components of tourism
consumption.
Inbound tourism consumption concerns the consumption
expenditures made by non-resident visitors when travelling to
Domestic tourism consumption corresponds to the
consumption expenditures made by the resident visitors when travelling within
Other components of tourism consumption refer to the
business tourism expenses, imputed rentals for second homes and final
consumption in kind (i.e. private use of business cars free of charge or at a
preferential price for activities not related to the employer’s business).
Tourism products and tourism industries
According to the Eurostat ”European Implementation Manual on Tourism Satellite Accounts”, all goods and services are classified into tourism
specific products and non-specific products. Tourism specific products include
tourism characteristic and tourism connected products. The consumption of
tourism specific products by visitors represents a significant share of total
tourism consumption. The list of tourism specific products includes
accommodation services, food and
beverage serving services, passenger transportation services, travel agency and
tour operator service, cultural and other services.
In the TSA, all
industries are considered as tourism characteristic industries, tourism
connected industries and non-specific industries. Accommodation, food and
beverage service activities, activities of travel agencies and tour operators
are considered as tourism characteristic industries as the main products
produced by those activities are relatively more consumed by the visitors.
Direct and indirect effects of tourism consumption
The contribution of tourism consumption to GDP
is calculated on the basis of the supply and use tables. Main aggregates of TSA
such as tourism output and tourism value added are estimated from the demand
side. Internal tourism consumption expenditures broken down by products and valued
at purchasers’ prices are first transformed into basic prices. The goods and
services imported into the country are separated from the tourism consumption.
Tourism ratio in the domestic supply of the relevant tourism characteristic
products is calculated by dividing the internal tourism consumption
expenditures by the domestic supply valued at the basic prices, which is then
applied to the output by industries. The tourism value added by industry is
calculated using the tourism output’s ratio assumption. It is assumed that the
value added ratio is the same as the output ratio, regardless of whether output
is purchased by visitors or non-visitors. Tourism GDP is estimated by adding
tourism value added of all industries and tourism taxes less
subsidies on products. The contribution of tourism industry to GDP for 2000–2006
is calculated on the basis of the supply and use tables for the corresponding
years.
In 2000–2006, the symmetric product by product
input-output table for 2005 was used to measure total direct and indirect
effects on the national economy of changes in tourism demand.
Classification of tourism activities
|
Industry |
NACE Rev. 1 |
Description |
|
Tourism characteristic industries |
|
|
|
Accommodation |
H 551 |
Hotels and similar accommodation |
|
|
H 552 |
Camping sites and other provision of short-stay
accommodation, student residences and other accommodation |
|
Renting of residential buildings |
K 70201 |
Renting of apartment building and dwellings;
own-account production of housing services by owner-occupiers |
|
Food and beverage service activities |
H 553 |
Restaurants and other food
service activities |
|
|
H 554 |
Bars |
|
|
H 555 |
Canteen
and catering |
|
Transport via railways |
I 601 |
Passenger and freight transport via railways |
|
Other land passenger transport |
I 60212 |
Scheduled bus transport |
|
|
I 6022 |
Taxi operation, renting of passenger cars with driver |
|
|
I 6023 |
Non-scheduled bus transport, sightseeing-bus, airport
transfers, rent of buses and coaches with operator and other land passenger
transport |
|
Water transport |
I 61 |
Sea and coastal passenger and freight water transport,
inland water transport |
|
Air transport |
I 62 |
Passenger and freight scheduled air transport,
charter air transport |
|
Supporting transport activities |
I 631 |
Warehousing and storage |
|
|
I 632 |
Supporting transport activities, parking activities |
|
Renting of machinery without operator and of
household goods |
K 71 |
Renting of machinery without operator and of
household goods |
|
Activities of travel agencies and tour operators |
I 633 |
Activities of travel agencies and tour operators, activities
of tourist guides, provision of
travel information to visitors |
|
Recreational, cultural and sporting activities |
O 92 |
Recreational, cultural and sporting activities |
|
Tourism connected industries |
G 50 |
|
|
|
I 60211 |
Tramway
and trolley bus transport |
|
|
I 6024 |
Freight transport by road |
|
|
K 748 |
Miscellaneous business activities n.e.c. |
|
|
M 80 |
Education (non-financial corporations and households
sectors) |
|
Non-specific industries |
A, B, C,
D, E, F, G 51, G 52, I 60219, I 64, K 701, K 70201, K 70202,
K 70203, K 703, K 72, K 73, K 741, K 742, K 743, K
744, K 745, K 746, K 747, L 75, M 80 (general government and NPISH sectors),
N 85, O 90, O 91, O 93 |
|
Classification of tourism products
|
Product |
CPA 2002 |
Description |
|
Tourism characteristic products |
|
|
|
Accommodation services |
|
|
|
Hotel and other accommodation services, actual
rentals for housing |
551 |
Hotel and similar accommodation services |
|
|
552 |
|
|
|
702011 |
Actual rentals for housing |
|
Imputed rentals for second homes |
70201 |
Imputed rentals for second homes |
|
Food and beverage serving services |
553 |
Food serving services |
|
|
554 |
Beverage-serving services |
|
Passenger transportation services |
|
|
|
Transportation by railway |
60101 |
Inter-urban passenger transportation services by
railway |
|
Other land transportation services |
60212 |
Mixed mode
land transportation |
|
|
60213 |
Urban and suburban passenger transportation, other
than by railway |
|
|
60214 |
Interurban passenger transportation, other than by
railway |
|
|
6022 |
Taxi services and rental services of passenger cars
with driver |
|
|
6023 |
Other land passenger transportation services |
|
Water transport services |
61101 |
Sea and coastal water passenger transportation
services |
|
|
611031 |
Rental services of sea-going vessels with crew |
|
|
61201 |
Passenger transportation services by vessels on inland
waterways |
|
|
612031 |
Rental services of non-sea-going vessels with crew |
|
Air transport services |
62101 |
Scheduled passenger transportation services by air |
|
|
62201 |
Non-scheduled passenger transportation services by
air |
|
|
62203 |
Rental services of aircraft with crew |
|
Other transport supporting services |
632 |
Other transport supporting services (port operation
services, buss station services, parking services n.e.c.)
|
|
Renting services of transport equipment |
711 |
Renting services of motor vehicles |
|
|
712 |
Renting services of other transport equipment |
|
Maintenance and repair of
motor vehicles |
502 |
Maintenance and repair of
motor vehicles |
|
Travel agency and tour operator services |
633 |
Travel agency and tour operator services; tourist information
services, tourist guide services n.e.c. |
|
Cultural services |
|
|
|
Entertainment services |
921 |
Motion picture and video services |
|
|
922 |
Radio and television services |
|
|
923 |
Artistic
creation and interpretation services, ticket services, amusement park
and theme park services, other
entertainment services |
|
Museums and other cultural services |
9252 |
Museum services, operation
services of historical sites and buildings and similar visitor attractions |
|
|
9253 |
Botanical and zoological garden services and nature
reserves services |
|
Recreational and sporting services |
|
|
|
Sporting services |
926 |
Sporting services |
|
Other recreational services |
927 |
Recreation parks and beach services, other
recreational services |
|
Miscellaneous tourism services |
|
|
|
Financial and insurance services |
65 |
Financial intermediation services, except insurance
and pension funding services |
|
|
6603 |
Travel insurance services |
|
Other tourism services |
714 |
Renting services of personal and household goods |
|
|
752111 |
Visa services |
|
|
9304 |
Physical well-being services (bath-house and solarium
services n.e.c.) |
|
Tourism connected products |
505 |
Distribution margins (sale of automotive fuel) |
|
|
60211 |
Tramway and trolley bus services |
|
|
6024 |
Freight transportation services by road |
|
|
748 |
Photographic services, telephone answering services
and other business services |
|
|
804 |
Driving school services, language school services
and other education services |
|
|
9251 |
Library and archive services |
|
Non-specific products |
01-45,
501, 503, 504, 51, 52, 61102, 611032, 61202, 612032, 62102, 62202, 631, 64,
6601, 6602, 67, 701, 702011, 702012, 703, 713, 72, 73, 741, 742, 743, 744,745,
746, 747, 75 (except 752111), 801-803, 85, 90, 91, 924, 9301-9303, 9305 |
|
Reena Undla
Input-Output
Tables Service
Tel +372 625 9207
Updated:
16.03.2012