The Estonian
Labour Force Survey is based on the definitions devised by the International
Labour Organisation that enable us to compare the collected data to other
countries.
Discouraged
persons –
non-working persons who would like to work and would be available for work as
soon as there was work, but who are not actively seeking work because they do
not believe in the chance of finding any.
Economically
active population / labour force – persons who wish and are
able to work (total of employed and unemployed persons).
Economically
passive / inactive population – persons who do not wish or are
not able to work.
Employed – a person who during the reference
period
- worked and was paid as a wage earner, entrepreneur
or a free-lancer;
- worked without direct payment in a family enterprise
or on his / her own farm;
- was
temporarily absent from work.
Employment
rate – the share of the employed in the working-age
population.
Labour force
participation rate / activity rate – the share of the labour
force (total number of the employed and unemployed) in the working-age
population.
Long-term
health problem – long-term (6 months or longer)
illness or disability.
Part-time
worker – an employed person whose usual working time per
week is less than 35 hours, except the occupations where a shortened working
time is prescribed by the law.
Person with
restricted ability to work due to long-term health problem
– a person aged 15-64 for whom the kind or amount of work to be done or going
to work is difficult due to long-term health problem.
Primary
sector – agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing.
Private
sector – enterprises whose owner is Estonian or foreign
person by private law.
Public
sector – enterprises and organisations whose owner is state
or local government.
Rural
settlements –
include small towns and villages.
Secondary
sector – mining, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water
supply, construction.
Tertiary
sector – trade, services, etc.
Underemployed
– part-time worker who is willing to work additional hours and is currently (in
the course of two weeks) available for it.
Unemployed – a person who fulfils the following
three conditions:
- he or she is without work
(does not work anywhere at the moment and is not temporarily absent from work);
- he or she is currently (in
the course of two weeks) available for work if there should be work;
- he or she is actively seeking work.
Unemployment
rate – the share of the unemployed in the labour force.
Urban
settlements – include cities, cities without municipal status
and towns.
Working-age
/ labour-age population – the part of the population that
is used as the basis when examining the economic activity of the population, or
in other words, the population of the age that is the object of a labour force
survey (population between the ages of 15 and 74).
The
Statistical Office of Estonia conducted the first Labour Force Survey at the
beginning of 1995 (ELFS 95). In 1997–1999 the survey was conducted in the 2nd
quarter. Starting from the year 2000 the survey is a continuous survey
providing quarterly and annual results. The reference weeks for the households
in the sample are spread uniformly throughout the whole year, e.g. for every
week of the year same number of interviews is done.
Until the
2nd quarter of 2000, the questionnaire of ELFS consisted of two parts:
- the part of the reference week in which the data were
collected about the week preceding the survey;
- the retrospective part in which the data were collected
about the changes of work in the years preceding the survey.
The
quarterly results are received on the basis of continuous survey since the 1st
quarter of 2000, but in the 1st and 2nd quarters the retrospective data were
collected for the year 1999, as the survey was conducted in the 2nd quarter
only. Since the 3rd quarter of 2000, the retrospective data are not
collected. It is not necessary as the survey is conducted continuously. The
annual averages are calculated as arithmetical mean of quarters.
The 1989
Population Census database served as a sample frame in 1995, in 1997–2001 the
population database of the Andmevara Ltd (population
register), in 2002–2004 the 2000 Population and Housing Census database and
since 2005 population register is used.
The target
population of the survey are the working-age residents of
As since
2002 the age of the respondent is calculated according to the date of birth the
data for age group “16 until pension age” are exactly calculated as well.
Before 2002 the pension age was calculated only in full-years. Pension age used
in the ELFS is presented in the following table.
|
|
Age, years |
|
|
|
males |
females |
|
1989–1994 |
60 |
55 |
|
1995–1996 |
61 |
56 |
|
1997–1998 |
62 |
57 |
|
1999–2001 |
63 |
58 |
|
2002–2003 |
63 |
58.5 |
|
2004 |
63 |
59 |
|
2005–2006 |
63 |
59.5 |
|
2007 |
63 |
60 |
|
2008–2009 |
63 |
60.5 |
|
2010 |
63 |
61 |
|
2011–2012 |
63 |
61.5 |
The data of
the ELFS 95 and ELFS 97 survey week are based on the population who on 1
January of the survey year were 15–74 years old and the data in the
retrospective part also covers the same part of the population who were in
different age groups in the previous years. Thus, in order to guarantee the comparability
of the data of different years and the usual presentation of the data in 5-year
age groups, the retrospectively collected data for 1990–1996 have been
presented for the population aged 15–69.
Starting
from 1998 to the 2nd quarter of 2000, 75-year-old people are interviewed as
well. Thus, the retrospective data for 1997–1999 were collected about the
population aged 15–74. In the data for 1997–2000 all persons aged over 74 are
considered as inactive, in the case of earlier years inactive are all those
aged over 69.
The
expansion of the data of the Labour Force Survey is based on the estimated
population of 1 January of the reference year. The expansion coefficients have
been calculated according to county, sex and 5-year age groups. In current
database, the Labour Force Survey data for 1990–2001 have been revised. In
recalculations, revised population numbers for the years between 1989 and 2000
Population Censuses have been used.
All the data
presented are estimates of actual parameters. The estimates that are based on
less than 20 persons of the sample have not been published (in tables the
symbol “..”) as not sufficiently reliable.
Due to
rounding, the total sums in tables are not always equal with the total. The
difference can be up to some last decimal places.
Statistical
Classification of Regional Units of
The regional
division used is based on the Statistical Classification of Regional Units of
Estonia. The data are published by the following regions:
|
EE001 |
|
Harju
county |
|
EE004 |
|
Hiiu,
Lääne, Pärnu and Saare counties |
|
EE006 |
|
Järva,
Lääne-Viru and Rapla
counties |
|
EE007 |
|
Ida-Viru county |
|
EE008 |
|
Jõgeva,
Põlva, |
Estonian
Classification of Economic Activities (EMTAK 2008) based on NACE, Rev. 2
|
A |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
|
A 01 |
Crop and animal production, hunting and related
service activities |
|
A 02 |
Forestry and logging |
|
A 03 |
Fishing and aquaculture |
|
B |
Mining and quarrying |
|
C |
Manufacturing |
|
C 10 |
Manufacture of food products |
|
C 11 |
Manufacture of beverages |
|
C 12 |
Manufacture of tobacco products |
|
C 13 |
Manufacture of textiles |
|
C 14 |
Manufacture of wearing apparel |
|
C 15 |
Manufacture of leather and related products |
|
C 16 |
Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and
cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting
materials |
|
C 17 |
Manufacture of paper and paper products |
|
C 18 |
Printing and reproduction of recorded media |
|
C 19 |
Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products |
|
C 20 |
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products |
|
C 21 |
Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and
pharmaceutical preparations |
|
C 22 |
Manufacture of rubber and plastic products |
|
C 23 |
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products |
|
C 24 |
Manufacture of basic metals |
|
C 25 |
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except
machinery and equipment |
|
C 26 |
Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical
products |
|
C 27 |
Manufacture of electrical equipment |
|
C 28 |
Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. |
|
C 29 |
Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and
semi-trailers |
|
C 30 |
Manufacture of other transport equipment |
|
C 31 |
Manufacture of furniture |
|
C 32 |
Other manufacturing |
|
C 33 |
Repair and installation of machinery and equipment |
|
D |
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply |
|
E |
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and
remediation activities |
|
F |
Construction |
|
F 41 |
Construction of buildings |
|
F42 |
Civil engineering |
|
F43 |
Specialised construction activities |
|
G |
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles
and motorcycles |
|
G 45 |
Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor
vehicles and motorcycles |
|
G 46 |
Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and
motorcycles |
|
G 47 |
Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles |
|
H |
Transportation and storage |
|
H 49 |
Land transport and transport via pipelines |
|
H 50 |
Water transport |
|
H 51 |
Air transport |
|
H 52 |
Warehousing and support activities for
transportation |
|
H 53 |
Postal and courier activities |
|
I |
Accommodation and food service activities |
|
I 55 |
Accommodation |
|
I 56 |
Food and beverage service activities |
|
J |
Information and communication |
|
K |
Financial and insurance activities |
|
L |
Real estate activities |
|
M |
Professional, scientific and technical
activities |
|
N |
Administrative and support service
activities |
|
O |
Public administration and defence,
compulsory social security |
|
P |
Education |
|
Q |
Human health and social work activities |
|
Q 87 |
Human health activities |
|
Q 88 |
Residential care activities |
|
Q 89 |
Social work activities without accommodation |
|
R |
Arts, entertainment and recreation |
|
R 90 |
Creative, arts and entertainment activities |
|
R 91 |
Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural
activities |
|
R 92 |
Gambling and betting activities |
|
R 93 |
Sports activities and amusement and recreation
activities |
|
S |
Other service activities |
|
T |
Activities of households as employers;
undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for
own use |
|
U |
Activities of extraterritorial organisations and
bodies |
Used groups
|
D, E |
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply;
water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities |
|
S, T, U |
Other activities |
Educational
levels according to ISCED 97 codes
Below upper secondary education 0–2
less
than primary education 0, primary education 1
basic
education 2A
vocational
education for youngsters without basic education 2C
Upper secondary education 3
general
secondary education 3A
vocational
secondary education based on basic education 3B
professional
secondary education based on basic education 3A
vocational
training based on basic education 3C
Post-secondary non-tertiary education 4
vocational
secondary education based on secondary education 4B
Tertiary education 5–6
academic
higher education (Bachelor’s degree, Master’s degree) 5A
professional
higher education (professional higher education, diploma study, vocational
higher education) 5B
professional secondary education
based on secondary education 5B
Doctor’al
degree 6
Eesti statistika aastaraamat. Statistical Yearbook of
Eesti piirkondlik statistika. Regional Statistics of
Tööturg. Labour Market. Yearbook
Ülle Pettai
Social Surveys Service
Tel +372 625 8475
Updated: 15.05.2012